Download FREE eBook GlobalGenerations

"the science world is the great thing that can make our life more better than ever"
.

WELCOME

Welcome to this blog that organized by Global Generations Owner. This blog provides free eBooks that you can download it as you want. The content of this blog are books, articles, journals, magazines, and the other categories of writing that can be used as additional references of your studies. If you have any suggestions to promote this blog more infallible, you can write your suggestions in Opinions Box or leave your comments in every posting of this blog. So, enjoy this blog and get the free eBooks that you want. Share more and Download more… [ N O T I C E : if you have any coins in your pocket, Please buy the eBooks in the near shops of your country!!! ]

I M P O R T A N T : # to search free eBooks in this blog use List of eBooks in the left gadget or Search Bar in the right-top-header of this blog... # to search more eBook from internet references, use Search More (sponsored by Google) in the left gadget...

.
.

Subscribe Now to Download Ebooks

Enter your email address:

Delivered by FeedBurner

.



Eurasian Energy Security
By Jeffrey Mankoff

  • Publisher: Council on Foreign Relations
  • Number Of Pages: 66
  • Publication Date: February 2009
  • ISBN : ...
  • Binding: Paperback
Download

This January brought a stark reminder of the perils of European dependence on Russian natural gas. A cutoff of supplies connected in part to a pricing dispute between Russia and Ukraine, the crucial transit country for much of Russia’s gas, left millions of Europeans without heat and forced factories to close. The crisis not only underscored the challenges of managing U.S. and European relations with Russia, a country whose geopolitical reach rises and falls to some extent with the price of oil and gas. It also highlighted the difficulty for America’s European allies of breaking their dependence on a single energy supplier, one whose willingness and ability to provide sufficient gas over time is uncertain.

This Council Special Report, authored by Jeffrey Mankoff, explores the challenges faced by consumer and supplier alike in Europe and Eurasia. It looks at Russia’s rise as an energy power, analyzing its control of supplies and delivery systems and its investments in energy infrastructure across Europe, as well as questions about the potential of its production. The report also examines Europe’s difficulties in forging a common policy on energy supply and recommends a two-pronged strategy of integration and diversification. It urges Europe to integrate both internally—developing a single EU gas market—and externally—tying Russia’s energy sector to Europe and its more transparent regulations. It also recommends that Europe seek new sources of energy from both non-Russian suppliers and non-fossil fuels. Eurasian Energy Security is a thoughtful work that illustrates the need for a coherent European energy policy and argues that the ongoing financial crisis provides a unique opportunity to tackle the issue. At the same time, it recognizes that European dependence on Russian energy will be a reality well into the future and that Europe can increase its energy security only by working with—not against—Russia. The report is a sophisticated contribution to the debate on an issue that can at any moment hit home for millions.

Download this ebook Download


Preparing for Sudden Change in North Korea
By Paul B. Stares and Joel S. Wit

  • Publisher: Council on Foreign Relations
  • Number Of Pages: 70
  • Publication Date: January 2009
  • ISBN : ...
  • Binding: Paperback
Download

North Korea poses difficult challenges for U.S. foreign policy. It possesses nuclear weapons and missiles to deliver them, and despite some progress, it is by no means clear that the ongoing Six-Party Talks will be able to reveal the full extent of the country’s nuclear activities, much less persuade Pyongyang to give them up. The United States maintains tens of thousands of forces on the Korean peninsula in support of its commitments to the Republic of Korea (South Korea), a country with which the North is still technically at war. And the peninsula sits in a strategically vital region, where the United States, China, Russia, Japan, and South Korea all have important interests at stake. All of this puts a premium on close attention to and knowledge of developments in North Korea. Unfortunately, Kim Jong-Il’s government is perhaps the world’s most difficult to read or even see. This Council Special Report, commissioned by the Council’s Center for Preventive Action and authored by Paul B. Stares and Joel S. Wit, focuses on how to manage one of the central unknowns: the prospect of a change in North Korea’s leadership. The report examines three scenarios: managed succession, in which the top post transitions smoothly; contested succession, in which government officials or factions fight for power after Kim’s demise; and failed succession, in which a new government cannot cement its legitimacy, possibly leading to North Korea’s collapse. The authors consider the challenges that these scenarios would pose—ranging from securing Pyongyang’s nuclear arsenal to providing humanitarian assistance—and analyze the interests of the United States and others. They then provide recommendations for U.S. policy. In particular, they urge Washington to bolster its contingency planning and capabilities in cooperation with South Korea, Japan, and others, and to build a dialogue with China that could address each side’s concerns. With Kim Jong-Il’s health uncertain and with a new U.S. president in office, this report could not be more timely. And with all the issues at stake on the Korean peninsula, the subject could not be more important. Preparing for Sudden Change in North Korea is a thoughtful work that provides valuable insights for managing a scenario sure to arise in the coming months or years.

Download this ebook Download


Averting Crisis in Ukraine
By Steven Pifer

  • Publisher: Council on Foreign Relations
  • Number Of Pages: 80
  • Publication Date: January 2009
  • ISBN : ...
  • Binding: Paperback
Download

Many of the principal foreign policy challenges facing the new administration deal with the greater Middle East and Asia. Europe, by contrast, appears relatively stable. One potential exception, however, involves Ukraine. The largest country entirely within Europe, Ukraine has tremendous economic potential. It occupies a strategically vital position as the transit point for large amounts of Russian energy going to Europe. At the same time, its links to Russia, ranging from the ethnic and linguistic ties of much of its population to the continuing presence of Russia’s Black Sea Fleet on Ukraine’s Crimean Peninsula, complicate efforts to consolidate stable democratic practices and chart Ukraine’s course. Indeed, the prospect of Ukraine’s eventual membership in NATO is a source of friction in U.S.-Russia relations as well as the subject of disagreement within NATO itself.

Download this ebook Download


U.S.-Latin America Relations: A New Direction for a New Reality
Edited by Charlene Barshefsky & James T. Hill (as the Chairs); Shannon K. O’Neil (as a Project Director)

  • Publisher: Council on Foreign Relations
  • Number Of Pages: 110
  • Publication Date: 2008
  • ISBN : ...
  • Binding: Paperback
Download

This Task Force report takes stock of the current situation in Latin America and the main challenges and opportunities for U.S.-Latin America relations. Latin America has benefited greatly in recent years from democratic opening, stable economic policies, and increasing growth. Many countries are taking advantage of these developments to consolidate democratic institutions, broaden economic opportunities, and better serve their citizens. Yet Latin American nations face daunting challenges as they integrate into global markets and work to strengthen historically weak state institutions. These challenges increasingly matter for the United States, as deepening economic and social ties link U.S. well-being to the region’s stability and development.

Rather than an exhaustive study of U.S.-Latin America relations and policies, this report does not reprise many long-standing initiatives or the intricacies of each bilateral relationship. Nor, given Latin America’s complexity and level of development, does it seek to define the entire U.S. approach with one overarching grand idea. Instead, the Task Force identifies four critical issues and four strategic relationships that merit special attention at this point in time. Poverty and inequality, public security, human mobility, and energy security represent fundamental challenges and opportunities for the region and for U.S.-Latin America relations. These factors affect traditional U.S. objectives of democracy promotion, economic expansion, and counter narcotics. They also reflect new policy issues arising from the increasing societal and economic integration of the Western Hemisphere. In addition, the Task Force calls for the deepening of the United States’ relations with Mexico and Brazil, and the redefining of relations with Venezuela and Cuba.

In pursuing its objectives through the concrete policy recommendations laid out in this report, the United States must focus its efforts and resources on helping Latin America strengthen the public institutions necessary to address the challenges identified in this report. In doing so, Washington should work in partnership with Latin American nations through multilateral organizations such as the World Bank, Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), International Monetary Fund (IMF), International Finance Corporation, and Organization of American States (OAS). It should also continue to work closely with civil society organizations and domestic and international businesses to create more inclusive economic, social, and political opportunities for Latin American countries and their citizens, which will benefit U.S. policy goals.

Achieving the ambitious goals of strengthening institutions and improving the lives of Latin Americans will require long-term efforts on the part of many participants, most importantly Latin American governments and societies themselves. Nevertheless, there is a significant supporting role for the United States. Expanding its policy framework and concentrating on strategic regional partnerships will best promote U.S. interests, enhancing stability, security, and prosperity throughout the hemisphere.

Download

Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)